Researchers have identified a key enzyme that
contributes to eczema, which may lead to better
treatment to prevent the skin disorder's
debilitating effects. The Granzyme B enzyme is
positively correlated with itchiness and disease
severity in eczema. Researchers found that Granzyme
B weakens the skin barrier by cleaving through the
proteins holding cells together making it easier for
allergens to penetrate across & they found that by
knocking out Granzyme B with genetic modification,
or inhibiting it with a topical gel, they could
prevent it from damaging the skin barrier and
significantly reduce the severity of AD (Atopic
dermatitis). Previous work had suggested that
Granzyme B levels correlate with the degree of
itchiness and disease severity in patients with
atopic dermatitis. AD is also associated with an
increased risk of developing a host of other
inflammatory conditions, including food allergies,
asthma and allergic rhinitis. AD typically follows
an itch-scratch cycle in which itchiness is followed
by scratching and more itchiness. This cycle usually
occurs during flare-ups, which can appear anytime,
and sometimes weeks, months or years apart.
Corticosteroid creams are a common treatment for
individuals with AD who experience more severe
itching and rashes. However, these can thin the skin
when used over a prolonged period of time, which can
make skin more prone to damage and infection. A gel
or cream that stops or limits Granzyme B, thereby
reducing the severity of AD, could be a safer and
more effective long-term treatment. |